Assalamualaikum. In the name of Allah the Most Beneficent the Most Merciful
Once upon a time I saw this in a book. So I copied it down. Now I'm spreading it to the whole World. Hopefully this is useful. InsyaAllah.
Position of structures according to vertebral levels
/ means in between the two levels
- means from that level to the next level
(Don’t understand? It’s because you haven’t seen what’s below)
Level | Structure |
C1 | - Spinal root of accessory nerve crosses transverse process of atlas - Open mouth and dens |
C2 | - Superior cervical ganglion |
C3 | - Body of hyoid bone |
C4 | - Upper border of thyroid cartilage - Bifurcation of common carotid arteries |
C6 | - Cricoid cartilage - Larynx becomes trachea - Pharynx becomes esophagus - Middle cervical ganglion - Vertebral artery enters foramen transversarium of C6 vertebra |
C7 | - First clearly palpable spinous process (vertebra prominens) - Stellate/inferior cervical ganglion |
T2 | - Superior border of scapula |
T2/T3 | - Suprasternal notch |
T3 | - Medial end of spine of scapula - End of oblique fissure of lung posteriorly at spine of T3 |
T3/T4 | - Top of arch of aorta |
T3-T4 | - Manubrium sterni |
T4 | - End of arch of aorta - Azygos vein enters superior vena cava |
T4/T5 | - Manubriosternal angle of Louis - Bifurcation of trachea - Start of arch of aorta |
T5 | - Thoracic duct crosses midline |
T5-T8 | - Sternum |
T6 | - Upper border of liver |
T7 | - Inferior angle of scapula - Accessory hemiazygos vein crosses midline to azygos vein |
T8 | - Caval opening in diaphragm § Inferior vena cava § Right phrenic nerve - Left phrenic nerve pierces diaphragm lateral to central tendon - Hemiazygos vein crosses to right to join azygos vein |
T8/T9 | - Sternoxiphisternal joint |
T9 | - Superior epigastric vessels traverse diaphragm - Xiphoid |
T10 | - Esophageal opening in diaphragm § Esophagus § Borders of left gastric vessels § Anterior and posterior vagi |
T12 | - Aortic ‘opening’ in diaphragm posterior to median arcuate ligament § Aorta § Azygos & hemiazygos veins § Thoracic duct - Origin of coeliac axis (lower border of T12) - Splanchnic nerves pierce crura of diaphragm - Sympathetic trunk passes posterior to medial arcuate ligament - Subcostal neurovascular bundle passes posterior to lateral arcuate ligament |
L1 | - Transpyloric plane of Addison (halfway between suprasternal notch and symphysis pubis) § Fundus of gallbladder § Hila of kidneys § Second part of duodenum § Neck of pancreas § Origin of superior mesenteric artery § Origin of portal vein § Pylorus § Attachment of transverse mesocolon § Hilum of spleen (spleen on ribs 9, 10, 11) |
L1/L2 | - Origin of renal arteries - Spinal cord ends in adults |
L2 | - Subcostal plane § Formation of azygos and hemiazygos veins § Duodenojejunal flexure, ligament of Treitz (upper border of L2) |
L3 | - Origin of inferior mesenteric artery |
L3/L4 | - Umbilicus |
L4 | - Supracristal plane (iliac crests) § Bifurcation of aorta |
L5 | - Formation of inferior vena cava |
S2 | - Sacral dimple - Midpoint of sacro-iliac joint - Posterior superior iliac spine - Dural sac ends |
S3 | - Start of rectum |
S4 | - Sacral hiatus - End of vertebral canal |
Co1 | - Filum terminale inserts |
P/S:
Once the new block starts I won't have much things to post here (so are my other blogs).
Last but not least, I'd like to apologize for all the mess I've made in the cyber world during the holiday - personal ones and public ones. Hope that you all can forgive me, and that we all can gain some benefit from the stuff I've posted on blogs.
See you all tomorrow folks, same time, same place. :D
InsyaAllah.
InsyaAllah.
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